Edgar Filing: TENNANT CO

Document

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



[ü]	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016
OR
[ ]	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from ___________ to __________

Commission File Number 1-16191

____________________________________

TENNANT COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Minnesota	41-0572550
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

701 North Lilac Drive

P.O. Box 1452

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55440

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(763) 540-1200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

______________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.



Yes	ü	No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).



Yes	ü	No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	ü		Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer		(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).



Yes	No	ü

As of July 15, 2016, there were 17,585,591 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS



PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION		Page
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	6
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
	1. Basis of Presentation	7
	2. Management Actions	7
	3. Divestiture	7
	4. Inventories	8
	5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets	8
	6. Debt	9
	7. Warranty	10
	8. Derivatives	11
	9. Fair Value Measurements	13
	10. Retirement Benefit Plans	14
	11. Commitments and Contingencies	14
	12. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	15
	13. Income Taxes	15
	14. Share-Based Compensation	15
	15. Earnings Per Share	16
	16. Segment Reporting	16
	17. Related Party Transactions	16
	18. Subsequent Event	16
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	25
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	25
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	25
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	26
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	26
Item 6.	Exhibits	27
Signatures		28

Table of Contents

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1.	Financial Statements

TENNANT COMPANY CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
(In thousands, except shares and per share data)	June 30						June 30
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net Sales	$	216,828		$	215,404		$	396,692		$	401,144
Cost of Sales	121,539			120,371			223,901			228,030
Gross Profit	95,289			95,033			172,791			173,114

Operating Expense:
Research and Development Expense	8,390			8,404			16,294			16,114
Selling and Administrative Expense	64,253			64,042			126,692			126,159
Loss on Sale of Business	87			—			149			—
Total Operating Expense	72,730			72,446			143,135			142,273
Profit from Operations	22,559			22,587			29,656			30,841

Other Income (Expense):
Interest Income	40			53			81			103
Interest Expense	(288		)	(419		)	(590		)	(796		)
Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses)	597			(225		)	324			(668		)
Other Expense, Net	(314		)	(185		)	(350		)	(237		)
Total Other Income (Expense), Net	35			(776		)	(535		)	(1,598		)

Profit Before Income Taxes	22,594			21,811			29,121			29,243
Income Tax Expense	7,266			6,994			9,354			9,400
Net Earnings	$	15,328		$	14,817		$	19,767		$	19,843

Net Earnings per Share:
Basic	$	0.88		$	0.81		$	1.13		$	1.09
Diluted	$	0.85		$	0.79		$	1.10		$	1.06

Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:
Basic	17,508,022			18,197,431			17,526,107			18,240,027
Diluted	17,933,243			18,672,040			17,954,167			18,724,859

Cash Dividend Declared per Common Share	$	0.20		$	0.20		$	0.40		$	0.40

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TENNANT COMPANY CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
(In thousands)	June 30						June 30
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net Earnings	$	15,328		$	14,817		$	19,767		$	19,843
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments	403			1,945			3,999			(6,196		)
Pension and retiree medical benefits	19			166			38			438
Cash flow hedge	18			—			(429		)	—
Income Taxes:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(1		)	—			5			(1		)
Pension and retiree medical benefits	(7		)	(62		)	(14		)	(163		)
Cash flow hedge	(7		)	—			160			—
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax	425			2,049			3,759			(5,922		)
Comprehensive Income	$	15,753		$	16,866		$	23,526		$	13,921

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TENNANT COMPANY CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

	June 30,			December 31,
(In thousands, except shares and per share data)	2016			2015
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	27,945		$	51,300
Restricted Cash	529			640
Accounts Receivable, less Allowances of $3,886 and $3,615, respectively	154,609			140,445
Inventories	82,520			77,292
Prepaid Expenses	10,289			14,656
Other Current Assets	1,790			2,485
Assets Held for Sale	—			6,826
Total Current Assets	277,682			293,644
Property, Plant and Equipment	295,849			276,811
Accumulated Depreciation	(190,763		)	(181,853		)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	105,086			94,958
Deferred Income Taxes	14,102			12,051
Goodwill	17,524			16,803
Intangible Assets, Net	2,979			3,195
Other Assets	15,508			11,644
Total Assets	$	432,881		$	432,295
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	$	3,460		$	3,459
Accounts Payable	49,838			50,350
Employee Compensation and Benefits	30,137			34,528
Income Taxes Payable	3,950			1,398
Other Current Liabilities	40,792			43,027
Liabilities Held for Sale	—			454
Total Current Liabilities	128,177			133,216
Long-Term Liabilities:
Long-Term Debt	17,751			21,194
Employee-Related Benefits	21,245			21,508
Deferred Income Taxes	72			5
Other Liabilities	4,846			4,165
Total Long-Term Liabilities	43,914			46,872
Total Liabilities	172,091			180,088
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 11)
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred Stock, $0.02 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	—			—
Common Stock, $0.375 par value; 60,000,000 shares authorized; 17,578,267 and 17,744,381 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	6,592			6,654
Additional Paid-In Capital	—			—
Retained Earnings	298,568			293,682
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	(44,370		)	(48,129		)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	260,790			252,207
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	432,881		$	432,295

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TENNANT COMPANY CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended
(In thousands)	June 30
	2016			2015
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net Earnings	$	19,767		$	19,843
Adjustments to reconcile Net Earnings to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:
Depreciation	8,655			8,155
Amortization	224			1,036
Deferred Income Taxes	(1,633		)	(1,754		)
Share-Based Compensation Expense	4,426			4,889
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Returns	606			1,246
Loss on Sale of Business	149			—
Other, Net	(63		)	(74		)
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities:
Receivables	(12,314		)	(1,717		)
Inventories	(3,941		)	(11,002		)
Accounts Payable	(389		)	(3,440		)
Employee Compensation and Benefits	(5,788		)	(5,970		)
Other Current Liabilities	(3,936		)	(3,174		)
Income Taxes	6,743			1,668
Other Assets and Liabilities	(65		)	(3,133		)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	12,441			6,573
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of Property, Plant and Equipment	(14,769		)	(7,594		)
Proceeds from Disposals of Property, Plant and Equipment	427			190
Proceeds from Sale of Business	285			—
Decrease (Increase) in Restricted Cash	120			(18		)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(13,937		)	(7,422		)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Payments of Long-Term Debt	(3,444		)	(3,429		)
Purchases of Common Stock	(12,762		)	(14,229		)
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock	1,196			802
Excess Tax Benefit on Stock Plans	246			669
Dividends Paid	(7,058		)	(7,348		)
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities	(21,822		)	(23,535		)
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents	(37		)	(940		)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(23,355		)	(25,324		)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period	51,300			92,962
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	$	27,945		$	67,638

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
Cash Paid for Income Taxes	$	3,174		$	8,702
Cash Paid for Interest	$	505		$	718
Supplemental Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities:
Capital Expenditures in Accounts Payable	$	1,538		$	3,652

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TENNANT COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except shares and per share data)


1.	Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requirements for interim reporting, which allows certain footnotes and other financial information normally required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America to be condensed or omitted. In our opinion, the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary for the fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations.

These statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.


2.	Management Actions

During the third quarter of 2015, we implemented a restructuring action to reduce our infrastructure costs that we anticipated would improve Selling and Administrative Expense operating leverage in future quarters. The pre-tax charge of $1,779 recognized in the third quarter of 2015 consisted primarily of severance, the majority of which was in Europe, and was included within Selling and Administrative Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. We believe the anticipated savings will offset the pre-tax charge in approximately one year from the date of the action. The charge impacted our Americas, Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) and Asia Pacific (APAC) operating segments. We do not expect additional costs will be incurred related to this restructuring action.

During the fourth quarter of 2015, we implemented an additional restructuring action to reduce our infrastructure costs that we anticipated would improve Selling and Administrative Expense operating leverage in future quarters. The pre-tax charge of $1,965, including other associated costs of $481, consisted primarily of severance and was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2015. The pre-tax charge was included within Selling and Administrative Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. We believe the anticipated savings will offset the pre-tax charge in approximately 1.5 years from the date of the action. The charge impacted our Americas, EMEA and APAC operating segments. We do not expect additional costs will be incurred related to this restructuring action.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending liability balances is as follows:



	Severance and Related Costs
2015 restructuring actions	$	3,263
Cash payments	(1,332		)
Foreign currency adjustments	(19		)
December 31, 2015 balance	$	1,912
2016 utilization:
Cash payments	(871		)
Foreign currency adjustments	21
June 30, 2016 balance	$	1,062


3.	Divestiture

On August 19, 2015, we adopted a plan to sell assets and liabilities of the Green Machines^TM outdoor city cleaning line as a result of determining that the product line, which constituted approximately two percent of our total sales, did not sufficiently complement our core business. Further details regarding the assets and liabilities held for sale as of December 31, 2015 are described in Note 6 of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

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On January 19, 2016, we signed a Business Purchase Agreement (“BPA”) with Green Machines International GmbH and Green Machine Sweepers UK Limited, subsidiaries of M&F Management and Financing GmbH, which is also the parent company of the master distributor of our products in Central Eastern Europe, Middle East and Africa, TCS EMEA GmbH, for the sale of our Green Machinesoutdoor city cleaning line. Per the terms of the BPA, the sale closed on January 31, 2016. Subject to working capital adjustments, the aggregate consideration for the Green Machines business is $5,700. Under the BPA, the total aggregate consideration will be paid as follows:


•	Initial cash consideration of $285, which was received during the first quarter of 2016.


•	An estimated $1,015 will be received as a result of a working capital adjustment. The final working capital adjustment has not yet been finalized.


•	The remaining purchase price of $4,400, to be adjusted by the agreed upon closing working capital adjustment, will be financed and received in 13 equal installments on the last business day of each quarter, commencing with the quarter ending September 30, 2016.

In the first six months of 2016, as a result of this divestiture, we recorded a pre-tax loss of $149 in our Profit from Operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The impact of the recorded loss and the sale of Green Machines is not material to our earnings as Green Machines only accounted for approximately two percent of our total sales.

Subsequent to the closing date, we will act as a distributor for Green Machine Sweepers UK Limited by continuing to sell Green Machines in certain regions, primarily the Americas and APAC, and will also serve as the exclusive service provider for Green Machines worldwide. Net of this estimated revenue, the divestiture is anticipated to reduce Tennant's annual revenue by approximately one percent, with an immaterial impact on earnings.

We have identified Green Machines International GmbH as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and have performed a qualitative assessment to determine if Tennant is the primary beneficiary of the VIE. We have determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of the VIE and consolidation of the VIE is not considered necessary.


4.	Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Inventories at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 consisted of the following:



	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Inventories carried at LIFO:
Finished goods	$	44,354		$	41,225
Raw materials, production parts and work-in-process	22,354			22,158
LIFO reserve	(27,645		)	(27,645		)
Total LIFO inventories	39,063			35,738
Inventories carried at FIFO:
Finished goods	29,981			32,421
Raw materials, production parts and work-in-process	13,476			13,812
Inventories held for sale	—			(4,679		)
Total FIFO inventories	43,457			41,554
Total inventories	$	82,520		$	77,292

The LIFO reserve approximates the difference between LIFO carrying cost and FIFO.


5.	Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying value of Goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were as follows:



	Goodwill			Accumulated Impairment Losses			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2015	$	60,447		$	(43,644	)	$	16,803
Foreign currency fluctuations	(3,027		)	3,748			721
Balance as of June 30, 2016	$	57,420		$	(39,896	)	$	17,524

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The balances of acquired Intangible Assets, excluding Goodwill, as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, were as follows:



	Customer Lists and Service Contracts			Trade Name			Technology			Total
Balance as of June 30, 2016
Original cost	$	6,550		$	—		$	5,201		$	11,751
Accumulated amortization	(6,090		)	—			(2,682		)	(8,772		)
Carrying value	$	460		$	—		$	2,519		$	2,979
Weighted average original life (in years)	15			—			13
Balance as of December 31, 2015
Original cost	$	19,781		$	3,859		$	6,596		$	30,236
Accumulated amortization	(19,232		)	(3,859		)	(3,950		)	(27,041		)
Carrying value	$	549		$	—		$	2,646		$	3,195
Weighted average original life (in years)	15			14			13

The accumulated amortization balances for the year ended December 31, 2015 included fully impaired customer lists, trade name and technology intangible assets that were impaired as a result of our decision to hold the assets and liabilities of the Green Machines outdoor city cleaning line for sale in 2015.

Amortization expense on Intangible Assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was $112 and $224, respectively. Amortization expense on Intangible Assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 was $516 and $1,036, respectively.

Estimated aggregate amortization expense based on the current carrying value of amortizable Intangible Assets for each of the five succeeding years and thereafter is as follows:



Remaining 2016	$	185
2017	316
2018	310
2019	310
2020	310
Thereafter	1,548
Total	$	2,979


6.	Debt

Debt outstanding is summarized as follows:



	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Long-Term Debt:
Credit facility borrowings	$	21,143		$	24,571
Capital lease obligations	68			82
Total Debt	21,211			24,653
Less: Current Portion	(3,460		)	(3,459		)
Long-Term Portion	$	17,751		$	21,194

As of June 30, 2016, we had committed lines of credit totaling $125,000 and uncommitted credit facilities totaling $87,210. There were $10,000 in outstanding borrowings under our JPMorgan facility (described below) and $11,143 in outstanding borrowings under our Prudential facility (described below) as of June 30, 2016. In addition, we had stand alone letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding in the amount of $3,242. Commitment fees on unused lines of credit for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were $111.

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Our most restrictive covenants are part of our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with JPMorgan (as defined below), which are the same covenants in the Shelf Agreement (as defined below) with Prudential (as defined below), and require us to maintain an indebtedness to EBITDA ratio of not greater than 3.25 to 1 and to maintain an EBITDA to interest expense ratio of no less than 3.50 to 1 as of the end of each quarter. As of June 30, 2016, our indebtedness to EBITDA ratio was 0.34 to 1 and our EBITDA to interest expense ratio was 76.03 to 1.

Credit Facilities

JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association

Details regarding our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2015, between us and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. ("JPMorgan"), as administrative agent and collateral agent, U.S. Bank National Association, as syndication agent, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as documentation agent, and the Lenders (including JPMorgan) from time to time party thereto (the "Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") are described in Note 9 of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

As of June 30, 2016, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. There were $10,000 in outstanding borrowings under this facility at June 30, 2016, with a weighted average interest rate of 1.53%. This facility, under the current terms of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, expires on June 30, 2020.

Prudential Investment Management, Inc.

Details regarding our Private Shelf Agreement, dated as of July 29, 2009, and amended on May 5, 2011, July 24, 2012 and June 30, 2015, with Prudential Investment Management, Inc. ("Prudential") and Prudential affiliates from time to time party thereto (the "Shelf Agreement") are described in Note 9 of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

As of June 30, 2016, there were $11,143 in outstanding borrowings under the Shelf Agreement, consisting of $4,000 of Series A notes issued in March 2011 with a fixed interest rate of 4.00% and a term of seven years, with remaining serial maturities from 2017 to 2018, and the $7,143 Series B notes issued in June 2011 with a fixed interest rate of 4.10% and a term of 10 years, with remaining serial maturities from 2017 to 2021. The third payment of $2,000 on Series A notes was made during the first quarter of 2016. The second payment of $1,429 on Series B notes was made during the second quarter of 2016. We were in compliance with all covenants under the Shelf Agreement as of June 30, 2016. The issuance period, under the current terms of the Shelf Agreement, expires on June 30, 2018.

The Royal Bank of Scotland Citizens, N.A.

On September 14, 2010, we entered into an overdraft facility with The Royal Bank of Scotland Citizens, N.A. in the amount of €2,000, or approximately $2,210. There was no balance outstanding on this facility as of June 30, 2016.

HSBC Bank (China) Company Limited, Shanghai Branch

On June 20, 2012, we entered into a banking facility with the HSBC Bank (China) Company Limited, Shanghai Branch in the amount of $5,000. As of June 30, 2016, there were no outstanding borrowings on this facility.


7.	Warranty

We record a liability for warranty claims at the time of sale. The amount of the liability is based on the trend in the historical ratio of claims to sales, the historical length of time between the sale and resulting warranty claim, new product introductions and other factors. Warranty terms on machines generally range from one to four years. However, the majority of our claims are paid out within the first six to nine months following a sale. The majority of the liability for estimated warranty claims represents amounts to be paid out in the near term for qualified warranty issues, with immaterial amounts reserved to be paid for older equipment warranty issues.

The changes in warranty reserves for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:



	Six Months Ended
	June 30
	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	10,093		$	9,686
Additions charged to expense	5,946			5,670
Foreign currency fluctuations	48			(118		)
Claims paid	(5,766		)	(5,209		)
Ending balance	$	10,321		$	10,029

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8.	Derivatives

Hedge Accounting and Hedging Programs

We recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and measure them at fair value. Gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value are accounted for depending on the use of the derivative and whether it is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting.

We evaluate hedge effectiveness on our hedges that are designated and qualify for hedge accounting at the inception of the hedge prospectively, as well as retrospectively, and record any ineffective portion of the hedging instruments in Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses) in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The time value of purchased contracts is recorded in Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses) in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Balance Sheet Hedging – Hedges of Foreign Currency Assets and Liabilities

We hedge our net recognized foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities with foreign exchange forward contracts to reduce the risk that the value of these assets and liabilities will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates. These contracts hedge assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies and are carried at fair value as either assets or liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with changes in the fair value recorded to Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses) in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. These contracts do not subject us to material balance sheet risk due to exchange rate movements because gains and losses on these derivatives are intended to offset gains and losses on the assets and liabilities being hedged. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the notional amounts of foreign currency forward exchange contracts outstanding not designated as hedging instruments were $40,994 and $45,851, respectively.

Cash Flow Hedging – Hedges of Forecasted Foreign Currency Transactions

In countries outside the U.S., we transact business in U.S. dollars and in various other currencies. We may use foreign exchange option contracts or forward contracts to hedge certain cash flow exposures resulting from changes in these foreign currency exchange rates. These foreign exchange contracts, carried at fair value, have maturities of up to one year. We enter into these foreign exchange contracts to hedge a portion of our forecasted foreign currency denominated revenue in the normal course of business, and accordingly, they are not speculative in nature. The notional amounts of outstanding foreign currency forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges were $2,368 and $2,486 as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The notional amounts of outstanding foreign currency option contracts designated as cash flow hedges were $8,770 and $11,271 as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

To receive hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge, and the hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions. We record changes in the fair value of these cash flow hedges in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, until the forecasted transaction occurs. When the forecasted transaction occurs, we reclassify the related gain or loss on the cash flow hedge to Net Sales in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. In the event the hedge becomes ineffective, the underlying forecasted transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that it will not occur, we reclassify the gain or loss on the related cash flow hedge from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses) in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings at that time. If we do not elect hedge accounting, or the contract does not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, the changes in fair value from period to period are recorded in Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses) in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

The fair value of derivative instruments on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were as follows:



	June 30, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Fair Value Asset Derivatives		Fair Value Liability Derivatives		Fair Value Asset Derivatives		Fair Value Liability Derivatives
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency option contracts⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	$	103	$	—	$	387	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts⁽¹⁾	—		15		113		—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts⁽¹⁾	$	14	$	689	$	171	$	7

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⁽¹⁾	Contracts that mature within the next 12 months are included in Other Current Assets and Other Current Liabilities for asset derivatives and liabilities derivatives, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.


⁽²⁾	Contracts with a maturity greater than 12 months are included in Other Assets and Other Liabilities for asset derivatives and liability derivatives, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of June 30, 2016, we anticipate reclassifying approximately $260 of losses from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to net earnings during the next 12 months.

The effect of foreign currency derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges and of foreign currency derivative instruments not designated as hedges in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was as follows:



	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016						June 30, 2016
	Foreign Currency Option Contracts			Foreign Currency Forward Contracts			Foreign Currency Option Contracts			Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Net loss recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax⁽¹⁾	$	(44	)	$	(29	)	$	(230	)	$	(65	)
Net loss reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into earnings, net of tax⁽²⁾	—			(84		)	—			(26		)
Net loss recognized in earnings⁽³⁾	—			—			(6		)	—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Net loss recognized in earnings⁽⁴⁾	$	—		$	(371	)	$	—		$	(2,062	)



	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2015					June 30, 2015
	Foreign Currency Option Contracts		Foreign Currency Forward Contracts			Foreign Currency Option Contracts		Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Net loss recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—
Net gain reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into earnings, net of tax⁽²⁾	—		—			—		—
Net loss recognized in earnings⁽³⁾	—		—			—		—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Net (loss) gain recognized in earnings⁽⁴⁾	$	—	$	(1,378	)	$	—	$	1,753


⁽¹⁾	Net change in the fair value of the effective portion classified in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss).


⁽²⁾	Effective portion classified as Net Sales.


⁽³⁾	Ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing classified in Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses).


⁽⁴⁾	Classified in Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses).

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9.	Fair Value Measurements

Estimates of fair value for financial assets and financial liabilities are based on the framework established in the accounting guidance for fair value measurements. The framework defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures. The framework discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The framework utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:


•	Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.


•	Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.


•	Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions.

Our population of assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements at June 30, 2016 is as follows:



	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts	$	14	$	—	$	14	$	—
Foreign currency option contracts	103		—		103		—
Total Assets	$	117	$	—	$	117	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts	$	704	$	—	$	704	$	—
Total Liabilities	$	704	$	—	$	704	$	—

Our foreign currency forward and option exchange contracts are valued using observable Level 2 market expectations at the measurement date and standard valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. Further details regarding our foreign currency forward exchange and option contracts are discussed in Note 8.

The carrying amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Accounts Receivable, Other Current Assets, Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

The fair value of our Long-Term Debt approximates cost based on the borrowing rates currently available to us for bank loans with similar terms and remaining maturities.

From time to time, we measure certain assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis, including evaluation of long-lived assets, goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment using company-specific assumptions that would fall within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

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10.	Retirement Benefit Plans

Our defined benefit pension plans and postretirement medical plan are described in Note 13 of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. We have contributed $104 and $185 during the second quarter of 2016 and $209 and $464 during the first six months of 2016 to our pension plans and to our postretirement medical plan, respectively.

The components of the net periodic (benefit) cost for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	June 30
	Pension Benefits												Postretirement
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans						Medical Benefits
	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016		2015
Service cost	$	97		$	134		$	36		$	36		$	24	$	17
Interest cost	415			423			103			125			100		87
Expected return on plan assets	(603		)	(655		)	(97		)	(146		)	—		—
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain)	8			192			—			—			—		(35		)
Amortization of prior service cost	10			10			32			65			—		—
Foreign currency	—			—			(16		)	118			—		—
Net periodic (benefit) cost	$	(73	)	$	104		$	58		$	198		$	124	$	69



	Six Months Ended
	June 30
	Pension Benefits												Postretirement
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans						Medical Benefits
	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016		2015
Service cost	$	177		$	240		$	72		$	72		$	48	$	48
Interest cost	830			855			208			248			199		196
Expected return on plan assets	(1,200		)	(1,307		)	(194		)	(290		)	—		—
Amortization of net actuarial loss	17			418			—			—			—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	21			21			64			130			—		—
Foreign currency	—			—			24			35			—		—
Net periodic (benefit) cost	$	(155	)	$	227		$	174		$	195		$	247	$	244


11.	Commitments and Contingencies

Certain operating leases for vehicles contain residual value guarantee provisions, which would become due at the expiration of the operating lease agreement if the fair value of the leased vehicles is less than the guaranteed residual value. As of June 30, 2016, of those leases that contain residual value guarantees, the aggregate residual value at lease expiration was $13,643, of which we have guaranteed $11,013. As of June 30, 2016, we have recorded a liability for the estimated end of term loss related to this residual value guarantee of $295 for certain vehicles within our fleet. Our fleet also contains vehicles we estimate will settle at a gain. Gains on these vehicles will be recognized at the end of the lease term.

During the first quarter of 2016, we entered into a distributor agreement with Green Machine Sweepers UK Limited, an affiliate of Green Machines International GmbH, for the exclusive right for Tennant to distribute, market, sell, rent and lease Green Machines products, aftermarket parts and consumables in the Americas and APAC. As part of this distributor agreement, we entered into a purchase commitment obligating us to purchase $12,000 of products and aftermarket parts and consumables annually for the next two years, for a total purchase commitment of $24,000.

On March 23, 2016, we entered into a four year Joint Development Agreement with a partner to develop software. As part of that agreement we have committed to spend $3,000 during the first year of the agreement and $8,000 over the life of the agreement, subject to regular time and materials billing and achievement of contract milestones.

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12.	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax, within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, are as follows:



	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	(40,581	)	$	(44,585	)
Pension and retiree medical benefits	(3,623		)	(3,647		)
Cash flow hedge	(166		)	103
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	$	(44,370	)	$	(48,129	)

The changes in components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax, are as follows:



	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Pension and Post Retirement Benefits			Cash Flow Hedge			Total
December 31, 2015	$	(44,585	)	$	(3,647	)	$	103		$	(48,129	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	4,004			—			(295		)	3,709
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	—			24			26			50
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	$	4,004		$	24		$	(269	)	$	3,759
June 30, 2016	$	(40,581	)	$	(3,623	)	$	(166	)	$	(44,370	)


13.	Income Taxes

We and our subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of numerous state and foreign jurisdictions. We are generally no longer subject to U.S. federal tax examinations for taxable years before 2012 and, with limited exceptions, state and foreign income tax examinations for taxable years before 2007.

We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in Income Tax Expense. In addition to the liability of $2,752 for unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2016, there was approximately $561 for accrued interest and penalties. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate as of June 30, 2016 was $2,368. To the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued will be revised and reflected as an adjustment of the Income Tax Expense.

We are currently undergoing income tax examinations in various state and foreign jurisdictions covering 2007 to 2014. Although the final outcome of these examinations cannot be currently determined, we believe that we have adequate reserves with respect to these examinations.


14.	Share-Based Compensation

Our share-based compensation plans are described in Note 17 of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. During the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, we recognized total Share-Based Compensation Expense of $1,789 and $2,182, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, we recognized total Share-Based Compensation Expense of $4,426 and $4,889, respectively. The total excess tax benefit recognized for share-based compensation arrangements during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was $246 and $669, respectively.

During the first six months of 2016, we granted 27,921 restricted shares. The weighted average grant date fair value of each share awarded was $53.02. Restricted share awards generally have a three year vesting period from the effective date of the grant. The total fair value of shares vested during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was $1,724 and $833, respectively.

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15.	Earnings Per Share

The computations of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share were as follows:



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30				June 30
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Numerator:
Net Earnings	$	15,328	$	14,817	$	19,767	$	19,843
Denominator:
Basic - Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	17,508,022		18,197,431		17,526,107		18,240,027
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share-based compensation plans	425,221		474,609		428,060		484,832
Diluted - Weighted Average Shares Outstanding	17,933,243		18,672,040		17,954,167		18,724,859
Basic Earnings per Share	$	0.88	$	0.81	$	1.13	$	1.09
Diluted Earnings per Share	$	0.85	$	0.79	$	1.10	$	1.06

Excluded from the dilutive securities shown above were options to purchase 408,979 and 237,405 shares of Common Stock during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Excluded from the dilutive securities shown above were options to purchase 405,123 and 215,767 shares of Common Stock during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These exclusions were made if the exercise prices of the options are greater than the average market price of our Common Stock for the period, if the number of shares we can repurchase under the treasury stock method exceeds the weighted average shares outstanding in the options or if we have a net loss, as these effects are anti-dilutive.


16.	Segment Reporting

We are organized into four operating segments: North America; Latin America; Europe, Middle East and Africa; and Asia Pacific. We combine our North America and Latin America operating segments into the “Americas” for reporting Net Sales by geographic area. In accordance with the objective and basic principles of the applicable accounting guidance, we aggregate our operating segments into one reportable segment that consists of the design, manufacture and sale of products used primarily in the maintenance of nonresidential surfaces.

Net Sales attributed to each geographic area for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30				June 30
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Americas	$	163,857	$	161,429	$	297,410	$	295,432
Europe, Middle East and Africa	34,391		33,741		65,124		68,388
Asia Pacific	18,580		20,234		34,158		37,324
Total	$	216,828	$	215,404	$	396,692	$	401,144

Net Sales are attributed to each geographic area based on the country from which the product was shipped and are net of intercompany sales.


17.	Related Party Transactions

During the first quarter of 2008, we acquired Sociedade Alfa Ltda. and entered into lease agreements for certain properties owned by or partially owned by the former owners of this entity. Some of these individuals are current employees of Tennant. Lease payments made under these lease agreements are not material to our financial position or results of operations.


18.	Subsequent Event

On July 28, 2016, the Company signed an Asset Purchase Agreement and Real Estate Purchase Agreement with Crawford Laboratories, Inc. and affiliates thereof ("Sellers"), to purchase selected assets and liabilities of the Seller's commercial floor coatings business. The purchase price was $12,070, subject to customary working capital adjustments. The transaction closed on July 28, 2016.

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Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

Tennant Company is a world leader in designing, manufacturing and marketing solutions that empower customers to achieve quality cleaning performance, significantly reduce their environmental impact and help create a cleaner, safer, healthier world. Tennant is committed to creating and commercializing breakthrough, sustainable cleaning innovations to enhance its broad suite of products including: floor maintenance and outdoor cleaning equipment, detergent-free and other sustainable cleaning technologies, aftermarket parts and consumables, equipment maintenance and repair service, specialty surface coatings and asset management solutions. Tennant products are used in many types of environments including: Retail establishments, distribution centers, factories and warehouses, public venues such as arenas and stadiums, office buildings, schools and universities, hospitals and clinics, parking lots and streets, and more. Customers include contract cleaners to whom organizations outsource facilities maintenance, as well as businesses that perform facilities maintenance themselves. The Company reaches these customers through the industry's largest direct sales and service organization and through a strong and well-supported network of authorized distributors worldwide.

Net Earnings for the second quarter of 2016 were $15.3 million, or $0.85 per diluted share, as compared to Net Earnings of $14.8 million, or $0.79 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2015. Operating Profit for the second quarter of 2016 was $22.6 million, or 10.4% of Net Sales, as compared to Operating Profit of $22.6 million, or 10.5% of Net Sales, in the second quarter of 2015. Operating Profit during the second quarter of 2016 was favorably impacted by higher Net Sales, despite impacts from unfavorable foreign currency exchange and a divestiture, which was offset by a 20 basis point decline in Gross Margin due primarily to the impact from foreign currency exchange. Due to the continued strength of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies in the 2016 second quarter, foreign currency exchange reduced Operating Profit by approximately $1.1 million.

Net Earnings for the first six months of 2016 and 2015 were both $19.8 million, and $1.10 and $1.06 per diluted share, respectively. Operating Profit for the first six months of 2016 was $29.7 million, or 7.5% of Net Sales, as compared to Operating Profit of $30.8 million, or 7.7% of Net Sales, in the first six months of 2015. Operating Profit during the first six months of 2016 was unfavorably impacted by lower Net Sales due to the impacts from unfavorable foreign currency exchange and a divestiture, and lower Gross Profit due primarily to the impact from foreign currency exchange. Due to the continued strength of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies in the first six months of 2016, foreign currency exchange reduced Operating Profit by approximately $2.2 million.

Net Earnings for the second quarter of 2015 were $14.8 million, or $0.79 per diluted share, as compared to Net Earnings of $15.5 million, or $0.83 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2014. Operating Profit for the second quarter of 2015 was $22.6 million, or 10.5% of Net Sales, as compared to Operating Profit of $23.1 million, or 10.6% of Net Sales, in the second quarter of 2014. Operating Profit during the second quarter of 2015 was unfavorably impacted by lower Net Sales, due to an unfavorable foreign currency exchange, and higher Research and Development ("R&D") Expense, somewhat offset by lower Selling and Administrative ("S&A") Expense. Due to the strength of the U.S. dollar in the 2015 second quarter, foreign currency exchanged reduced Operating Profit by approximately $3.4 million.

Net Earnings for the first six months of 2015 were $19.8 million, or $1.06 per diluted share, as compared to Net Earnings of $21.3 million, or $1.14 per diluted share, in the first six months of 2014. Operating Profit for the first six months of 2015 was $30.8, or 7.7% of Net Sales, as compared to Operating Profit of $32.4 million, or 8.0% of Net Sales, in the first six months of 2014. Operating Profit during the first six months of 2015 was unfavorably impacted by lower Net Sales, due to an unfavorable foreign currency exchange, higher S&A Expense and higher R&D Expense. Due to the strength of the U.S. dollar in the first six months of 2015, foreign currency exchange reduced year to date Operating Profit by approximately $5.3 million.

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Historical Results

The following table compares the historical results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and as a percentage of Net Sales (in thousands, except per share data and percentages):



	Three Months Ended										Six Months Ended
	June 30										June 30
	2016			%		2015			%		2016			%		2015			%
Net Sales	$	216,828		100.0		$	215,404		100.0		$	396,692		100.0		$	401,144		100.0
Cost of Sales	121,539			56.1		120,371			55.9		223,901			56.4		228,030			56.8
Gross Profit	95,289			43.9		95,033			44.1		172,791			43.6		173,114			43.2
Operating Expense:
Research and Development Expense	8,390			3.9		8,404			3.9		16,294			4.1		16,114			4.0
Selling and Administrative Expense	64,253			29.6		64,042			29.7		126,692			31.9		126,159			31.4
Loss on Sale of Business	87			—		—			—		149			—		—			—
Total Operating Expense	72,730			33.5		72,446			33.6		143,135			36.1		142,273			35.5
Profit from Operations	22,559			10.4		22,587			10.5		29,656			7.5		30,841			7.7
Other Income (Expense):
Interest Income	40			—		53			—		81			—		103			—
Interest Expense	(288		)	(0.1	)	(419		)	(0.2	)	(590		)	(0.1	)	(796		)	(0.2	)
Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses)	597			0.3		(225		)	(0.1	)	324			0.1		(668		)	(0.2	)
Other Expense, Net	(314		)	(0.1	)	(185		)	(0.1	)	(350		)	(0.1	)	(237		)	(0.1	)
Total Other Income (Expense), Net	35			—		(776		)	(0.4	)	(535		)	(0.1	)	(1,598		)	(0.4	)
Profit Before Income Taxes	22,594			10.4		21,811			10.1		29,121			7.3		29,243			7.3
Income Tax Expense	7,266			3.4		6,994			3.2		9,354			2.4		9,400			2.3
Net Earnings	$	15,328		7.1		$	14,817		6.9		$	19,767		5.0		$	19,843		4.9
Net Earnings per Diluted Share	$	0.85				$	0.79				$	1.10				$	1.06

Net Sales

Consolidated Net Sales for the second quarter of 2016 totaled $216.8 million, a 0.7% increase as compared to consolidated Net Sales of $215.4 million in the second quarter of 2015. Consolidated Net Sales for the first six months of 2016 totaled $396.7 million, a 1.1% decrease as compared to consolidated Net Sales of $401.1 million for the first six months of 2015.

The components of the consolidated Net Sales change for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015 were as follows:



	2016 v. 2015
	Three Months Ended	Six Months Ended
	June 30	June 30
Organic Growth:
Volume	2.4%	0.8%
Price	—%	0.5%
Organic Growth	2.4%	1.3%
Foreign Currency	(1.0%)	(1.5%)
Divestiture	(0.7%)	(0.9%)
Total	0.7%	(1.1%)

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The 0.7% increase in consolidated Net Sales in the second quarter of 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015 was driven by:

•

An organic sales increase of approximately 2.4% which excludes the effects of foreign currency exchange and acquisitions and divestitures, due to an approximate 2.4% volume increase (with a 0% price increase). The volume increase was primarily due to increased sales to strategic accounts in the Americas and the Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) regions and sales of industrial equipment, which more than offset lower sales in the Asia Pacific (“APAC”) region. Sales of new products introduced within the past three years totaled 34% of equipment revenue for the second quarter of 2016. This compares to 16% of equipment revenue in the 2015 second quarter from sales of new products introduced within the past three years. There was essentially no price increase in the 2016 second quarter due to no significant new selling list price increases and now lapping the prior year selling price list increase with an effective date of February 1, 2015. We currently do not anticipate any significant inflation, and therefore, we do not anticipate any material selling list price increases in 2016 and we expect an immaterial increase to Net Sales for the 2016 full year.


•	An unfavorable direct foreign currency translation exchange impact of approximately 1.0%.


•	An unfavorable impact resulting from the sale of our Green Machines outdoor city cleaning line of 0.7%.

The 1.1% decrease in consolidated Net Sales in the first six months of 2016 as compared to the same period in 2015 was driven by:


•	An unfavorable direct foreign currency translation exchange impact of approximately 1.5%.


•	An unfavorable impact resulting from the sale of our Green Machines outdoor city cleaning line of 0.9%.

•

An organic sales increase of approximately 1.3% which excludes the effects of foreign currency exchange and acquisitions and divestitures, due to an approximate 0.8% volume increase and a 0.5% price increase. The volume increase was primarily due to solid sales to strategic accounts and higher sales of industrial equipment, particularly in the Americas and the EMEA regions, being somewhat offset by lower sales within the APAC region and lower sales of commercial equipment. Sales of new products introduced within the past three years totaled 35% of equipment revenue in the first six months of 2016. This compares to 15% of equipment revenue in the first six months of 2015 from sales of new products introduced within the past three years. The price increase, primarily occurring in the first quarter of 2016, was the result of selling list price increases, typically in the range of 2 percent to 4 percent in most geographies, with an effective date of February 1, 2015. The impact to gross margin is estimated to be minimal as these selling price increases were taken to offset inflation. We currently do not anticipate any significant inflation, and therefore, we do not anticipate any material selling list price increases in 2016 and we expect an immaterial increase to Net Sales for the 2016 full year.

The following table sets forth the Net Sales by geographic area for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and the percentage change from the prior year (in thousands, except percentages):



	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30					June 30
	2016		2015		%	2016		2015		%
Americas	$	163,857	$	161,429	1.5	$	297,410	$	295,432	0.7
Europe, Middle East and Africa	34,391		33,741		1.9	65,124		68,388		(4.8)
Asia Pacific	18,580		20,234		(8.2)	34,158		37,324		(8.5)
Total	$	216,828	$	215,404	0.7	$	396,692	$	401,144	(1.1)

Americas

Net Sales in the Americas were $163.9 million and $297.4 million for the second quarter and first six months of 2016, an increase of 1.5% and 0.7%, respectively, from the second quarter and first six months of 2015. Organic sales in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 were driven by sales to strategic accounts, new products, and also sales of scrubbers equipped with ec-H2O^TM technology in North America and solid sales in Latin America. The direct impact of foreign currency translation exchange effects within the Americas unfavorably impacted Net Sales by approximately 1.0% during the second quarter and 1.5% during the first six months of 2016. As a result, organic sales increased approximately 2.5% in the second quarter and 2.2% in the first six months of 2016.

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Europe, Middle East and Africa

In our markets within EMEA, Net Sales increased 1.9% to $34.4 million for the second quarter of 2016, compared to the second quarter of 2015. For the first six months of 2016, Net Sales decreased 4.8%, compared to the first six months of 2015. Organic sales in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 were favorably impacted by strong sales to strategic accounts, including sales of scrubbers equipped with ec-H2O^TMtechnology, being partially offset by lower sales through distribution. For the second quarter and first six months of 2016, there was an unfavorable impact on Net Sales of approximately 4.4% and 5.4%, respectively, as a result of the sale of our Green Machines outdoor city cleaning line in January 2016. In addition, the direct impact of foreign currency translation exchange effects within EMEA unfavorably impacted Net Sales by a minimal amount in the second quarter of 2016 and by approximately 1.0% during the first six months of 2016. As a result, organic sales increased approximately 6.3% in the second quarter and 1.6% in the first six months of 2016.

Asia Pacific

Net Sales in the APAC region for the second quarter and first six months of 2016 totaled $18.6 million and $34.2 million, respectively, a decrease of 8.2% and 8.5% from the second quarter and first six months of 2015, respectively. Organic sales decreased approximately 7.2% in the second quarter and 6.5% in the first six months of 2016 with organic sales growth in Australia and Japan being more than offset by sales declines in other Asian countries. Direct foreign currency translation exchange unfavorably impacted Net Sales by approximately 1.0% and 2.0% in the second quarter and first six months of 2016, respectively.

Gross Profit

Gross Profit in the second quarter of 2016 was $95.3 million, or 43.9% of Net Sales, as compared to $95.0 million, or 44.1% of Net Sales, in the second quarter of 2015. Gross profit dollars increased 0.3% versus the prior year period due to higher Net Sales in the second quarter of 2016. Gross margin was 20 basis points lower in the second quarter of 2016 due primarily to the impact from foreign currency exchange.

Gross Profit in the first six months of 2016 was $172.8 million, or 43.6% of Net Sales, compared to $173.1 million, or 43.2% of Net Sales, in the first six months of 2015. Gross profit dollars decreased 0.2% versus the prior year period due to lower Net Sales in the first six months of 2016, partially offset by lower Cost of Sales. Gross margin was 40 basis points higher versus the prior year primarily due to a more favorable product mix (with relatively higher sales of industrial equipment and lower sales of commercial equipment) which was partially offset by foreign currency headwinds that unfavorably impacted gross margin by approximately 20 basis points.

Operating Expense

Research & Development Expense

R&D Expense in the second quarter of 2016 of $8.4 million was flat compared with the second quarter of 2015. R&D Expense as a percentage of Net Sales was 3.9% for the second quarter of 2016 and 2015.

R&D Expense for the first six months of 2016 was $16.3 million, an increase of 1.1% from $16.1 million in the same period in 2015. R&D Expense as a percentage of Net Sales was 4.1% for the first six months of 2016 as compared to 4.0% for the first six months of 2015.

We continue to invest in developing innovative new products for our traditional core business, as well as in our Orbio Technologies Group, which is focused on advancing a suite of sustainable cleaning technologies. New products are a key driver of sales growth. There were five new products and product variants launched in the first half of 2016 consisting of emerging market floor machines and two models of the M17 battery-powered sweeper-scrubber. For the full year 2016, we plan to introduce at least 14 new products, including several significant industrial machines.

Selling & Administrative Expense

S&A Expense in the second quarter of 2016 increased 0.3% to $64.3 million, as compared to $64.0 million in the second quarter of 2015. S&A Expense as a percentage of Net Sales was 29.6% for the second quarter of 2016, a decrease of 10 basis points from 29.7% in the comparable 2015 quarter.

S&A Expense for the first six months of 2016 increased 0.4% to $126.7 million, as compared to $126.2 million in the first six months of 2016. S&A Expense as a percentage of Net Sales was 31.9% for the first six months of 2016, an increase of 50 basis points from 31.4% in the first six months of 2015.

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The increase in S&A Expense in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 as compared to the same periods in the prior year was primarily due to investments, such as the digital transformation project to build and support our e-Business capabilities, that are anticipated to enhance our long-term sales growth. The expense incurred for these projects were somewhat offset by cost controls and improved operating efficiencies that favorably impacted S&A Expense.

Loss on Sale of Business

In the first six months of 2016, we completed the sale of our Green Machines outdoor city cleaning line. The $0.1 million loss recognized on the transaction was not material to our financial statements.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Interest Income

There was no significant change in Interest Income in the second quarter and first six months of 2016, as compared to the same periods in 2015.

Interest Expense

Interest Expense in the second quarter of 2016 was $0.3 million, as compared to $0.4 million in the second quarter of 2015. Interest Expense in the first six months of 2016 was $0.6 million as compared to $0.8 million in the first six months of 2015. The lower Interest Expense in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 as compared to the same periods in 2015 was primarily due to a lower level of debt.

Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains (Losses)

Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains in the second quarter of 2016 was $0.6 million, as compared to Net Foreign Currency Transaction Losses of $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2015. Net Foreign Currency Transaction Gains in the first six months of 2016 was $0.3 million, as compared to Net Foreign Currency Transaction Losses of $0.7 million in the first six months of 2015. The favorable change in the impact from foreign currency transactions in the second quarter and first six months of 2016 was due to fluctuations in foreign currency rates and settlement of transactional hedging activity in the normal course of business.

Other Expense, Net

Other Expense, Net in the second quarter of 2016 was $0.3 million, as compared to $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2015. Other Expense, Net in the first six months of 2016 was $0.4 million, as compared to $0.2 million in the first six months of 2015. The unfavorable change in Other Expense, Net in the second quarter and first six months 2016 was primarily due to higher contributions to the Tennant Foundation.

Income Taxes

The effective tax rate in the second quarter of 2016 was 32.2%, as compared to the effective rate in the second quarter of the prior year of 32.1%.

The year-to-date overall effective tax rate for the first six months of 2016 and 2015 was 32.1%.

The overall effective tax rate remained constant. The benefit of the Federal R&D tax credit in 2016, which was reenacted in December 2015, was offset by changes in the mix in expected full year taxable earnings by country. The 2015 second quarter and first six months year-to-date tax rates did not include any benefit for the Federal R&D tax credit as we were not allowed to consider the credit in our tax rate until it was formally reenacted.

We do not have any plans to repatriate the undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries. Any repatriation from foreign subsidiaries that would result in incremental taxation is not being considered. It is management's belief that reinvesting these earnings outside the U.S. is the most efficient use of capital.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Cash and Cash Equivalents totaled $27.9 million at June 30, 2016, as compared to $51.3 million as of December 31, 2015. Wherever possible, cash management is centralized and intercompany financing is used to provide working capital to subsidiaries as needed. Our current ratio was 2.2 as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and our working capital was $149.5 million and $160.4 million, respectively. Our debt-to-capital ratio was 7.5% as of June 30, 2016, compared with 8.9% as of December 31, 2015.

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Cash Flow Summary

Cash used in our operating, investing and financing activities is summarized as follows (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended
	June 30
	2016			2015
Operating Activities	$	12,441		$	6,573
Investing Activities:
Purchases of Property, Plant and Equipment, Net of Disposals	(14,342		)	(7,404		)
Proceeds from Sale of Business	285			—
Decrease (Increase) in Restricted Cash	120			(18		)
Financing Activities	(21,822		)	(23,535		)
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents	(37		)	(940		)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	(23,355	)	$	(25,324	)

Operating Activities

Operating activities provided $12.4 million of cash for the six months ended June 30, 2016. Cash provided by operating activities was driven primarily by cash inflows from Net Earnings of $19.8 million and Income Taxes of $6.7 million. These cash inflows were partially offset by cash outflows resulting from an increase in Accounts Receivable of $12.3 million, a decrease in Employee Compensation and Benefits liabilities of $5.8 million, an increase in Inventories of $3.9 million and a decrease in Other Current Liabilities of $3.9 million.

Operating activities provided $6.6 million of cash for the six months ended June 30, 2015. Cash provided by operating activities was driven primarily by cash inflows resulting from Net Earnings of $19.8 million, partially offset by cash outflows from an increase in Inventories of $11.0 million and a decrease in Employee Compensation and Benefits liabilities of $6.0 million.

Management evaluates how effectively we utilize two of our key operating assets, Accounts Receivable and Inventories, using Accounts Receivable “Days Sales Outstanding” (DSO) and “Days Inventory on Hand” (DIOH), on a FIFO basis. The metrics are calculated on a rolling three month basis in order to more readily reflect changing trends in the business. These metrics for the quarters ended were as follows (in days):



	June 30, 2016	December 31, 2015	June 30, 2015
DSO	60	61	62
DIOH	86	89	89

As of June 30, 2016, DSO decreased 2 days as compared to June 30, 2015 and decreased 1 day as compared to December 31, 2015. The decrease is primarily due to the trend of continued proactive management of our receivables by enforcing tighter credit limits and continuing to successfully collect past due balances having a larger unfavorable impact than the unfavorable variety of terms offered and mix of business.

As of June 30, 2016, DIOH decreased 3 days as compared to June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2015, primarily due to progress from inventory reduction initiatives, somewhat offset by increased levels of inventory in support of higher anticipated sales levels and the launches of new products.

Investing Activities

Investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2016 used $13.9 million. Net capital expenditures used $14.3 million. This was partially offset by proceeds of $0.3 million from the sale of our Green Machines outdoor city cleaning line, as described further in Note 3, as well as proceeds of $0.1 million from a decrease in our Restricted Cash balance. Capital expenditures included investments in information technology process improvement projects, tooling related to new product development, and manufacturing equipment.

Investing activities, consisting of capital expenditures, used $7.4 million in cash during the six months ended June 30, 2015. Capital expenditures included investments in information technology process improvement projects, tooling related to new product development, and manufacturing equipment.

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Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $21.8 million during the first six months of 2016. The purchases of our Common Stock per our authorized repurchase program used $12.8 million, dividend payments used $7.1 million and the payments of Long-Term Debt used $3.4 million, partially offset by proceeds from the issuance of Common Stock of $1.2 million and the excess tax benefit on stock plans of $0.2 million.

Net cash used in financing activities was $23.5 million during the first six months of 2015. The purchases of our Common Stock per our authorized repurchase program used $14.2 million, dividend payments used $7.3 million and the payment of Long-Term Debt used $3.4 million, partially offset by cash inflows arising from the issuance of Common Stock of $0.8 million and the excess tax benefit on stock plans of $0.7 million.

Indebtedness

As of June 30, 2016, we had committed lines of credit totaling $125.0 million and uncommitted credit facilities totaling $87.2 million. There were $10.0 million in outstanding borrowings under our JPMorgan facility (described below) and $11.1 million in outstanding borrowings under our Prudential facility (described below) as of June 30, 2016. In addition, we had stand alone letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding in the amount of $3.2 million. Commitment fees on unused lines of credit for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were $0.1 million.

Our most restrictive covenants are part of our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with JPMorgan (as defined below), which are the same covenants in our Shelf Agreement (as defined below) with Prudential (as defined below), and require us to maintain an indebtedness to EBITDA ratio of not greater than 3.25 to 1 and to maintain an EBITDA to interest expense ratio of no less than 3.50 to 1 as of the end of each quarter. As of June 30, 2016, our indebtedness to EBITDA ratio was 0.34 to 1 and our EBITDA to interest expense ratio was 76.03 to 1.

Credit Facilities

JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association

As of June 30, 2016, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. There were $10.0 million in outstanding borrowings under this facility at June 30, 2016, with a weighted average interest rate of 1.53%. This facility, under the current terms of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, expires on June 30, 2020.

Prudential Investment Management, Inc.

As of June 30, 2016, there were $11.1 million in outstanding borrowings under the Shelf Agreement, consisting of $4.0 million of Series A notes issued in March 2011 with a fixed interest rate of 4.00% and a term of seven years, with remaining serial maturities from 2017 to 2018, and the $7.1 million Series B notes issued in June 2011 with a fixed interest rate of 4.10% and a term of 10 years, with remaining serial maturities from 2017 to 2021. The third payment of $2.0 million on Series A notes was made during the first quarter of 2016. The second payment of $1.4 million on Series B notes was made during the second quarter of 2016. We were in compliance with all covenants under the Shelf Agreement as of June 30, 2016. The issuance period, under the current terms of the Shelf Agreement, expires on June 30, 2018.

The Royal Bank of Scotland Citizens, N.A.

On September 14, 2010, we entered into an overdraft facility with The Royal Bank of Scotland Citizens, N.A. in the amount of €2.0 million, or approximately $2.2 million. There was no balance outstanding on this facility as of June 30, 2016.

HSBC Bank (China) Company Limited, Shanghai Branch

On June 20, 2012, we entered into a banking facility with the HSBC Bank (China) Company Limited, Shanghai Branch in the amount of $5.0 million. As of June 30, 2016, there were no outstanding borrowings on this facility.

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Contractual Obligations

During the first quarter of 2016, we entered into a distributor agreement with Green Machine Sweepers UK Limited, an affiliate of Green Machines International GmbH, for the exclusive right for Tennant to distribute, market, sell, rent and lease Green Machines products, aftermarket parts and consumables in the Americas and APAC. As part of this distributor agreement, we entered into a purchase commitment obligating us to purchase $12.0 million of products and aftermarket parts and consumables annually for the next two years, for a total purchase commitment of $24.0 million.

On March 23, 2016, we entered into a four year Joint Development Agreement with a partner to develop software. As part of that agreement we have committed to spend $3.0 million during the first year of the agreement and $8.0 million over the life of the agreement, subject to regular time and materials billing and achievement of contract milestones.

Other than the agreements noted above, there have been no material changes with respect to contractual obligations as disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Newly Issued Accounting Guidance

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This ASU will replace all existing revenue recognition standards and significantly expand the disclosure requirements for revenue arrangements. This guidance requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. This guidance provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. Other major provisions include capitalization of certain contract costs, consideration of time value of money in the transaction price, and allowing estimates of variable consideration to be recognized before contingencies are resolved in certain circumstances. This guidance also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity's contracts with customers.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, which defers the effective date of the new revenue recognition standard by one year from the original effective date specified in ASU No. 2014-09. The guidance now permits us to apply the new revenue recognition standard to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period, which is our fiscal 2018. The provisions of the ASU permit companies to adopt the new revenue standard early, but not before the original public organization effective date, which is for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, which is our fiscal 2017.

The new standard may be adopted retrospectively for all periods presented, or adopted using a modified retrospective approach. Under the retrospective approach, the fiscal 2017 and 2016 financial statements would be adjusted to reflect the effects of applying the new standard on those periods. Under the modified retrospective approach, the new standard would only be applied for the period beginning January 1, 2018 to new contracts and those contracts that are not yet complete at January 1, 2018, with a cumulative catch-up adjustment recorded to beginning retained earnings for existing contracts that still require performance. We are currently evaluating the impact that this standard is expected to have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU changes current U.S. GAAP for lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under previous U.S. GAAP. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after January 1, 2019, including interim periods. Early application is permitted. Lessees and lessors must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The transition approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. A full retrospective transition approach is prohibited for both lessees and lessors. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amended guidance on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU modified U.S. GAAP by requiring the following, among others: (1) all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies are to be recognized as income tax expense or benefit on the income statement (excess tax benefits are recognized regardless of whether the benefit reduces taxes payable in the current period); (2) excess tax benefits are to be classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity in the statement of cash flows; (3) in the area of forfeitures, an entity can still follow the current U.S. GAAP practice of making an entity-wide accounting policy election to estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or may instead account for forfeitures when they occur; and (4) classification as a financing activity in the statement of cash flows of cash paid by an employer to the taxing authority when directly withholding shares for tax withholding purposes. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after January 1, 2017, including interim periods. Early application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amended guidance on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. Among other things, the ASU requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Companies will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period, which is our fiscal 2020. Early application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amended guidance on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Cautionary Statement Relevant to Forward-Looking Information

This Form 10-Q, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 2, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “project,” or “continue” or similar words or the negative thereof. These statements do not relate to strictly historical or current facts and provide current expectations of forecasts of future events. Any such expectations or forecasts of future events are subject to a variety of factors. Particular risks and uncertainties presently facing us include: geopolitical and economic uncertainty throughout the world; competition in our business; relative strength of the U.S. dollar, which affects the cost of our materials and products purchased and sold internationally; ability to attract, retain and develop key personnel and create effective succession planning strategies; ability to successfully upgrade, evolve and protect our information technology systems; fluctuations in the cost or availability of raw materials and purchased components; ability to effectively manage organizational changes; ability to develop and commercialize new innovative products and services; unforeseen product liability claims or product quality issues; disruptions to the value chain process causing delays in delivery, customer dissatisfaction, high costs and litigation; occurrence of a significant business interruption; and ability to comply with laws and regulations. We caution that forward-looking statements must be considered carefully and that actual results may differ in material ways due to risks and uncertainties both known and unknown. Shareholders, potential investors and other readers are urged to consider these factors in evaluating forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. Additional information about factors that could materially affect our results can be found in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q.

We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Investors are advised to consult any further disclosures by us in our filings with the SEC and in other written statements on related subjects. It is not possible to anticipate or foresee all risk factors, and investors should not consider any list of such factors to be an exhaustive or complete list of all risks or uncertainties.


Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes in our market risk since December 31, 2015. For additional information, refer to Item 7A of our 2015 annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.


Item 4.	Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Principal Financial and Accounting Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures for the period ended June 30, 2016 (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Principal Financial and Accounting Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and our principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Controls

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1.	Legal Proceedings

There are no material pending legal proceedings other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to our business.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

We documented our risk factors in Item 1A of Part I of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015. There have been no material changes to our risk factors since the filing of that report.


Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On June 22, 2015, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of an additional 1,000,000 shares of our common stock. Share repurchases are made from time to time in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, primarily to offset the dilutive effect of shares issued through our share-based compensation programs. Our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Shelf Agreement restrict the payment of dividends or repurchasing of stock if, after giving effect to such payments, our leverage ratio is greater than 2.00 to 1, in such case limiting such payments to an amount ranging from $50.0 million to $75.0 million during any fiscal year. If our leverage ratio is greater than 3.25 to 1, our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Shelf Agreement restrict us from paying any dividends or repurchasing stock, after giving effect to such payments.



For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2016	Total Number of Shares Purchased⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
April 1 - 30, 2016	844	$	54.96	—	504,454
May 1 - 31, 2016	86,191	52.55		86,093	418,361
June 1 - 30, 2016	23,461	50.86		23,312	395,049
Total	110,496	$	52.21	109,405	395,049


⁽¹⁾	Includes 1,091 shares delivered or attested to in satisfaction of the exercise price and/or tax withholding obligations by employees who exercised stock options or restricted stock under employee share-based compensation plans.

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Item 6.	Exhibits



Item #	Description	Method of Filing
3i	Restated Articles of Incorporation	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3i to the Company’s report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006.
3ii	Certificate of Designation	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
3iii	Amended and Restated By-Laws	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3iii to the Company’s Form 8-K dated December 14, 2010.
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of CEO	Filed herewith electronically.
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of CFO	Filed herewith electronically.
32.1	Section 1350 Certification of CEO	Filed herewith electronically.
32.2	Section 1350 Certification of CFO	Filed herewith electronically.
101	The following financial information from Tennant Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2016, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015; and (v) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.	Filed herewith electronically.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



		TENNANT COMPANY

Date:	July 28, 2016	/s/ H. Chris Killingstad
		H. Chris Killingstad President and Chief Executive Officer

Date:	July 28, 2016	/s/ Thomas Paulson
		Thomas Paulson Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)